According to the documentation, APFS can create file or directory clones - and like a proper next-generation file system, it does so instantly, rather than having to wait for data to be copied. It also features Snapshots (that lets you throw off a read-only instant of a file system at any given point in time), and Clones. "APFS supports nanosecond time stamp granularity rather than the 1-second time stamp granularity in HFS+." It also supports copy-on-write metadata scheme which aims to ensure that file system commits and writes to the file system journal stay in sync even if "something happens during the write - like if the system loses power." The new file system offers an improvement over Apple's previous full-disk encryption File Vault application.
A new file system is needed to meet the current needs of Apple products, and support new technologies for decades to come.Ars Technica dived into the documentation to find that APFS comes with a range of "solid" features including support for 64-bit inode numbering, and improved granularity of object time-stamping. There is now also a greater importance placed on keeping sensitive information secure and safe from prying eyes. Today, solid-state drives store millions of files, accounting for gigabytes or terabytes of data. These file systems were developed in an era of floppy disks and spinning hard drives, where file sizes were calculated in kilobytes or megabytes. Here's how the company describes it: HFS+ and its predecessor HFS are more than 30 years old. On the sidelines of its Worldwide Developer's Conference, Apple also quietly unveiled a new file system dubbed APFS (Apple File System).
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